英文书面比较句的写法(二)

byXIAOLAIon2009/03/15·10 COMMENTS

重点2:书面比较句第二个句子中的谓语动词建议不要省略。

为什么要写成“A is more beautiful than B.”呢?在上一节中,为了避免节外生枝,用“A”和“B”替代了比较双方,因为“B”的主格是“B”,宾格还是“B”,没有区别。如果我们要表示“她比我更漂亮”的话,那么这个比较句将由两个句子并列构成:

She is beautiful.
I am beautiful.

由并列连词“than”并列起来之后变成:

She is more beautiful than I am beautiful.

并列句中能够省略的是相同的部分,而第二个句子的系动词是“am”,与第一个句子的系动词“is”是不同的,不能省略。

另外一个例子可以用来说明“第二个句子中的谓语动词建议不要省略”是为了避免歧义。

比如说,我想表达这样一个意思的句子:我喜欢她;你也喜欢她;可是我比你更喜欢她……

I like her.
You like her.
>>> I like her more than you like her.

而后把相同的部分全都去掉,就变成:

I like her more than you.

歧义就出现了,因为“you”既可能是主格也可能是宾格。不要以为“you”特殊,事实上,英文中所有的实义名词都是“主格”与“宾格”相同的。

那应该怎么办呢?应该写成这样:

I like her more than you like. >>> I like her more than you do.

重点3: 第二个句子中的谓语动词如果不是系动词,则可以使用“do”的恰当时态替换。

重点4: 第二个句子的谓语动词可以倒装。

以下是三个TOEFL阅读文章中出现过的几个例子:

  • Ichthyosaurs had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion.
  • The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel.
  • This immunity has been followed by a relaxation of the defenses, and kittiwakes do not react to predators nearly as fiercely as do ground-nesting gulls.

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