英文书面比较句的写法(二)
byXIAOLAIon2009/03/15·10 COMMENTS
重点2:书面比较句第二个句子中的谓语动词建议不要省略。
为什么要写成“A is more beautiful than B.”呢?在上一节中,为了避免节外生枝,用“A”和“B”替代了比较双方,因为“B”的主格是“B”,宾格还是“B”,没有区别。如果我们要表示“她比我更漂亮”的话,那么这个比较句将由两个句子并列构成:
She is beautiful.
I am beautiful.
由并列连词“than”并列起来之后变成:
She is more beautiful than I am
beautiful.
并列句中能够省略的是相同的部分,而第二个句子的系动词是“am”,与第一个句子的系动词“is”是不同的,不能省略。
另外一个例子可以用来说明“第二个句子中的谓语动词建议不要省略”是为了避免歧义。
比如说,我想表达这样一个意思的句子:我喜欢她;你也喜欢她;可是我比你更喜欢她……
I like her.
You like her.
>>> I like her more than you like her.
而后把相同的部分全都去掉,就变成:
I like her more than you.
歧义就出现了,因为“you”既可能是主格也可能是宾格。不要以为“you”特殊,事实上,英文中所有的实义名词都是“主格”与“宾格”相同的。
那应该怎么办呢?应该写成这样:
I like her more than you
like. >>> I like her more than you do.
重点3: 第二个句子中的谓语动词如果不是系动词,则可以使用“do”的恰当时态替换。
重点4: 第二个句子的谓语动词可以倒装。
以下是三个TOEFL阅读文章中出现过的几个例子:
- Ichthyosaurs had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion.
- The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel.
- This immunity has been followed by a relaxation of the defenses, and kittiwakes do not react to predators nearly as fiercely as do ground-nesting gulls.